Topic and Article Approval: October 5, 2021 Project Due Date: November 18, 2021 Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to give you experience with scientific research articles (primary sources) along with gaining an in-depth knowledge of social psychology topic of your choice. In addition, you will have the opportunity to hone your writing skills. Please approach this project as a scientist - be objective, precise, and systematic in your presentation of the summary and interpretations. Instructions: To complete the entire assignment, you will be required to choose an article from the psychological databases available through the library webpage. The article must be relevant to the field of social psychology and must be a primary source. Please check Blackboard on the difference between a primary and secondary source. Approval of your topic and article will be October 5, 2021. Topic and Article Approval: Please email your topic and article to me by the end of the day on October 5th. (Please do not send a link to the article). I like to make sure that the topic is relevant to social psychology and that it is a primary source. You will prepare a Reaction Paper that includes three parts: 1) summary; 2) reaction: 3) reference in APA format. Please see below for a desсrіption of these three portions. Be very thorough and detailed in both parts of your paper. I have also included some additional handouts that should help you with this project. A. Summary: Provide a summary of the article. Your summary should include (but is not limited to) the following: Describe the purpose of the study and its importance of the topic to the field (include background information/literature review). What was the hypothesis or research question? Define terms and describe the independent and dependent variables (if applicable). What methodology was used? Describe the sample used (who participated in the study).(Essay Writing Services).Describe the independent and dependent variables (if applicable). Describe the procedure (What did the participants do in the study?) Report the findings? Did the results support the hypothesis? What were the author’s conclusions? B. Reaction: Your critique of the article should address (but is not limited to) the following: Your assessment of the overall significance/contribution of the research (“so what?”). Give specific recommendations for improving the study and/or the article. Apply the results to the “real world.” How would you extend the research? Outline a study that follows from this research. C. Reference: Include the reference for the article you used at the end of your paper. Make sure it is in APA format! Format: Your project should be at least four double-spaced pages in length with 1” margins. Four pages is a simply a minimum – it is fine to go over this guideline. (Essay Writing Services)I would rather you be thorough than stay within the four-page guideline. Please use proper citations and quotations when appropriate. There is a handout under “Project” regarding APA format that will help you with this. Turning your project in: (Please note: Failure to do this by the deadline will result in a 0 for the assignment): 1) Electronically. There will be a Safe Assign location in Blackboard (look in the “Project” area). There is a draft option so you can check your paper before officially turning it into Safe Assign. Safe Assign will close at midnight on November 19th. Please include a title page with your name on it.

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Article Critique

Over the past few decades, the number of mother-workers or mothers who work for pay has increased tremendously partly because of women’s empowerment and also the need to attain financial stability and improve their family’s standard of living.(Essay Writing Services) Further, modern women perceive employment as an avenue for personal fulfillment and have immersed themselves into the labor market despite having mothering responsibilities on their shoulders. In the article “Staying at Home or Working for Pay? Attachment to Modern Mothering Identities,” Jocelyn Elise Crowley (2014) examined women in mother’s organizations and their beliefs on whether working for pay was the best option for their children or not.(Essay Writing Services) While the article presented significant findings that showed no single mothering identity had statistically strong beliefs on whether working for pay was good for their children or not, there were limitations relating to replicability and generalizability of results.

As indicated earlier, the number of mothers getting into the labor market is increasing every day. However, that does not say that all mothers have the desire to work for pay and leave their children at home under someone else’s care.(Essay Writing Services) There is a good number of mothers who have chosen to stay with their children, especially younger toddlers, and they do so for many reasons, including the desire to bond and have enough time with them, or to avoid paying the cost they would incur if they left the children with other caregivers. For this paper, it is important to note that scholars have assigned the mother-caregiver identity to women mothers who stay at home and give those who work for pay the mother-worker identity.

Identity is a powerful thing because it is what defines a person and gives them validation in society. In this context, mothering identities are very important, especially in contemporary society because they first identify themselves as a parent – meaning that they value their relationship with their children and there is a sense of self-worth and validation that comes with good parenting (the pride of a mother raising a good child). (Essay Writing Services)On the other hand, some women are mothers that get validation by identifying themselves with their profession. These are the two dominant mothering identities that Crowley (2014) attempts to debunk in the study. The main purpose of Crowley’s (2014) study is to investigate whether most mother-workers or mother-caregivers believe that there is one and probably best alternative –either going to work for pay or staying at home – that benefits the children.

Crowley (2014) used a sample size of 3,227 participants to examine the mother’s commitment and alignment to one belief in an arrangement that staying at home or working for pay is their children’s best interest. The researcher used a random sampling technique to pick the participants from five specific mothers’ organizations across the United States.(Essay Writing Services) Using Robin rule to analyze the dependence and independent variables, Crowley (2014) examines whether there exists such an ideal arrangement, and who, between the mother-caregiver and the mother-worker, holds that belief more than the other. By getting the answers to these questions, the researcher can get a definite understanding of the conflicting nature of mothering identities across the globe.

The first hypothesis of the study is anchored in the question of having a belief in an ideal arrangement. The author notes that an ‘ideal arrangement’ is achieved when the best interests of the people are represented.(Essay Writing Services) Therefore, the researcher wanted to know whether the participants believed in a single ideal arrangement, that is, whether mothers should work and get paid or stay at home and look after their children. Therefore, the ‘belief in an ideal arrangement’ became the first dependent variable in the study.

The second dependent variable was the participant’s “alignment with an ideal arrangement.” It relates to the participants who affirmatively admitted to having a strong belief in one ideal arrangement. The develop the second variable, the participants were asked to identify an ideal arrangement and state in their own words how they aligned with such an arrangement as far as taking care of their children was concerned. In this category, the respondents gave their opinions on whether they would have preferred to work part-time or full-time or opted to stay at home and care for their children.(Essay Writing Services) They were also given an opportunity to indicate whether they had any other arrangements such as working when their children get older or maybe working from home and so forth. Therefore, from the second variable, the researcher expected a wide range of responses that would show whether they had an ideal arrangement and whether they aligned with it up to the end.

The study has two independent variables which are; full-time mother-workers (working more than 35 hours per week) and part-time mother workers (working less than 35 per week).(Essay Writing Services) These independent variables are based on the mothering identities which the researcher believes trigger commitment to a certain ideal arrangement.

At the end of the study, Crowley comes to two possibilities. The first one is a proposition that shows that indeed attachment to the two dominant mothering identities is so much consuming and powerful. Many participants of the study revealed a high-level commitment to a belief in an ideal arrangement that is best for children, and they also showed high-level alignment to that particular belief despite their occupation circumstances. (Essay Writing Services)The second possibility as indicated by the study is that there is no alignment and commitment to a belief in an ideal arrangement that is the best for children as far as their mother’s working or occupation status is concerned. Again, the study found that only 18.5% of all mothers had a belief in one ideal arrangement in terms of balancing and organizing their work-family lives. Majority of the mothers did not believe in the existence of a single ideal arrangement that would be best for their children whether they worked for pay or stayed at home – hence they didn’t align their occupational status with any ideal arrangement.

Crowley (2014) provided crucial insights into an important topic of sociology especially one that touches on the pressures that face mothers across the world – maintaining a work-life balance. In today’s world, the term mothering is complex because it describes a dramatically varying wide range of responsibilities that women who are mothers have to undertake. The study reflects the conflicting identities of motherhood that women have to manage and navigate.(Essay Writing Services) It is an important yet difficult affair to establish a mothering identity as a woman because on one side they need to work and make ends meet while at the same time feeling she needs to be part of their children’s lives. This topic is very important to mothers because it is personal and lies close to their hearts. Note that the individual success of any mother is partly measured by the success and well-upbringing of their children.

While the study by Crowley (2014) is crucial to mothers, it did not provide timing information on when the mothers felt they needed to be with their children or resume work for pay after choosing to remain at home.(Essay Writing Services) Also, the researcher did not account for the mothers who were exposed to fewer employment opportunities and choices they would have made regarding their ideal arrangement. This is because about 90% of the participants in the study had at least some kind of college degree. Therefore, the study lacked generalizability because it did not capture the results of the less-educated mothers who are also employable. (Essay Writing Services)Further, replicating the findings would be difficult considering the sample only involved informed mothers who were already in social welfare organizations. So, replicating the research on other mothers who are not part of any organization, less educated, married (or not) might be difficult.

Nevertheless, the study by Crowley (2014) is crucial to the field of sociology and also important to women as they figure out their mothering identities. It is hard to choose between work and family and one cannot help but sympathize with mothers who have to make that decision at some point in their life. To a great extent, Crowley (2014) shares interesting findings that take the conversation to another level where society will have to be fair to women and not measure their success on work or children but their individual commitment to doing both – work and family. Crowley (2014) reveals that most mothers do not believe in an ideal arrangement that would best suit their children – whether they (mothers) worked for pay or remained at home to take care of the children. (Essay Writing Services)The only limitation of the study is that it lacked replicability and generalizability because of the sample of participants. The results do not show the timing before or after – when mothers should choose to work or stay at home – and did not capture the opinion of the less-educated mothers who have fewer employment opportunities.(Essay Writing Services)

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