developmental pschology

The relationship between secure attachment in infancy and later development
An infant would depend on secure attachment to have a proper development later in life.
The infant will transition into childhood as a securely attached person, and they will always have
numerous positive outcomes to show off. Research shows that a secure attachment is directly
related to lesser behavioral challenges, improved social skills, and better IQ scores. Furthermore,
this attachment would determine the kind of an adult that one would become. A secure one
would lead to a general life satisfaction, improved relationships, and higher self-esteem as some
of the positive adulthood outcomes. In his research, Engel & Gunnar (2020) revealed that any
child bred in a war-torn area would easily develop post-traumatic stress disorder without the
intervention of their parents. However, if the child’s fear is subjected to sensitive containment,
they would grow healthily. Researchers continue to suggest that a parent can sufficiently caution
stressful events throughout the middle childhood. Young girls between the ages of 13 years were
engaged in research employing the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C) (Doom et al.,
2017). They were examined based on a few post-stress recovery settings: staying away from
mother, talking to her over the cellphone, or accessing her fulltime. The physical presence of a
mother cultivated a girl’s faster return to baseline cortisol. The girl who neither saw or talked to
the mother exhibited the slowest recovery.

The brain’s development in the first year of life

Within the first year of a person’s living, the brain’s development is relatively quick, with
the growth being more complex. Their brain doubles in size throughout this time. The
cerebellum, a region of the brain in charge of motor abilities and physical growth, is where most
of the development takes place. Babies gain control over their body and movements as a result of
this development.

The role of positive experiences in the first year of life
Attentiveness, play, and physical comfort are some positive experiences in a child's
healthy development. The brain utilizes them to learn and forge connections. Baglivio & Wolff
(2021) recently concluded that PCEs are adequate buffers to the devastating consequences of
unfavorable experiences. There would be no joy in childhood without them. They provide a
perfect atmosphere for undiluted happiness, exploration, change, and growth.
As young mothers, I know you have been spending a substantial amount of time with
your young ones. I want you to know that your child's happiness is squarely dependent on you as
an adult. In children's lives, numerous identifiable situations prepare them for accomplishments
later in life. A child should be in a position whereby they can freely talk to an adult in case of a
stressful situation. As an adult, you need to offer them unconditional love and support and make
them feel safe at home. The thriving of a child depends on their parental involvement in offering
security, entertainment, and age-relevant games with a clear structure. Nevertheless, the
parenting style can be authoritative with loads of acceptance and love. In such an environment, a
kid would flourish, learn the required skills to live happier lives, and productively contribute to
society.
The risk factors related to drinking alcohol and using substances while pregnant
Teratogens may expose children to numerous adverse impacts and potential delays,
thereby keeping their neurological and physical health at risk. Your fetus' development may be
prone to numerous physical deformities if you choose to become an alcoholic mother.
Secondly, drug consumption during pregnancy may impair brain and nervous system
development, leading to behavioral and learning issues. Still, using drugs or alcohol while
pregnant increases the chances of premature birth, stillbirth, and miscarriage. The above possible
issues highlight how crucial it is to abstain from substance abuse and alcoholism throughout
pregnancy. Guerri & Pascual's (2022) research used animal models to demonstrate that alcohol is
a teratogen. Furthermore, alcohol variability and impact on fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
(FASD) outcomes rely on nutritional status, genetic factors, timing and exposure patterns, and
alcohol dose. Alcohol affects several developmental processes and cell types during brain
development through various targets, where the effects are mediated by a wide range of signaling


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